The EU as a public sphere

"The EU as a public sphere"

Claes H. de Vreese

	Abstract
1	Introduction
	1.1	The Public Sphere
	1.2	What does it mean when applied to Europe?
	1.3	Definitions: (A) European public sphere(s)
	1.4	Why should we care?
2	Different studies, different indicators, different conclusions
	2.1	The Utopian
	2.2	The Elitist
	2.3	The Realist
3	Discussion: The way ahead
	3.1	Playing the blame game I: The media’s fault?
	3.2	Playing the blame game II: The institutions’ fault?
	References
	Footnotes